Transportation:

Railways:

total: 7,286 km

broad gauge: 94 km 1.676-m gauge

standard gauge: 7,192 km 1.435-m gauge (146 km electrified) (1996 est.)

Highways:

total: 162,000 km

paved: 81,000 km (including 470 km of expressways)

unpaved: 81,000 km (1996 est.)

Waterways: 904 km; the Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by maritime traffic for about 130 km; channel has been dredged to 3 m and is in use

Pipelines: crude oil 5,900 km; petroleum products 3,900 km; natural gas 4,550 km

Ports and harbors: Abadan (largely destroyed in fighting during 1980-88 war), Ahvaz, Bandar 'Abbas, Bandar-e Anzali, Bushehr, Bandar-e Imam Khomeyni, Bandar-e Lengeh, Bandar-e Mahshahr, Bandar-e Torkaman, Chabahar (Bandar Beheshti), Jazireh-ye Khark, Jazireh-ye Lavan, Jazireh-ye Sirri, Khorramshahr (limited operation since November 1992), Now Shahr

Merchant marine:

total: 132 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,238,293 GRT/5,658,259 DWT

ships by type: bulk 46, cargo 35, chemical tanker 4, combination bulk 1, container 5, liquefied gas tanker 1, multifunction large-load carrier 6, oil tanker 21, refrigerated cargo 2, roll-on/roll-off cargo 10, short-sea passenger 1 (1998 est.)

Airports: 288 (1998 est.)

Airports-with paved runways:

total: 110

over 3,047 m: 38

2,438 to 3,047 m: 18

1,524 to 2,437 m: 25

914 to 1,523 m: 23

under 914 m: 6 (1998 est.)

Airports-with unpaved runways:

total: 178

over 3,047 m: 1

2,438 to 3,047 m: 5

1,524 to 2,437 m: 14

914 to 1,523 m: 126

under 914 m: 32 (1998 est.)

Heliports: 11 (1998 est.)